tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60857098999442865652024-03-14T00:26:53.403-07:00Electromyography (EMG)Literature Abstracts - Orthopedic Neuromuscular DentistryClayton A. Chan, D.D.S.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17435980507660741507noreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6085709899944286565.post-7592867646295204762016-02-03T20:19:00.002-08:002016-02-03T20:38:04.100-08:00Electromyographic indices, orofacial myofunctional status and temporomandibular disorders severity: A correlation study.<h4>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #272727; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17.5px;">De Felício CM, et al.: </span><span style="color: #272727; font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 17.5px;">Electromyographic indices, orofacial myofunctional status and temporomandibular disorders severity: A correlation study.</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #272727; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17.5px;"> <i>J Electromyogr Kinesiol</i>. 2012.</span></span></h4>
<b style="background-color: white; color: #272727; font-family: arial; line-height: 24px;">Abstract</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">This
study examined whether there is an association between surface electromyography
(EMG) of masticatory muscles, orofacial myofunction status and
temporomandibular disorder (TMD) severity scores. Forty-two women with TMD
(mean 30 years, SD 8) and 18 healthy women (mean 26 years, SD 6) were examined.
According to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD), all patients
had myogenous disorders plus disk displacements with reduction. Surface EMG of
masseter and temporal muscles was performed during maximum teeth clenching
either on cotton rolls or in intercuspal position. Standardized EMG indices
were obtained. Validated protocols were used to determine the perception
severity of TMD and to assess orofacial myofunctional status. TMD patients
showed more asymmetry between right and left muscle pairs, and more unbalanced
contractile activities of contralateral masseter and temporal muscles (p
lesser than 0.05, t-test), worse orofacial myofunction status and higher TMD
severity scores (p lesser than 0.05, Mann-Whitney test) than healthy subjects. Spearman coefficient revealed significant correlations
between EMG indices, orofacial myofunctional status and TMD severity (p lesser than 0.05).
In conclusion, these methods will provide useful information for TMD diagnosis
and future therapeutic planning.</span><br />
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Clayton A. Chan, D.D.S.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17435980507660741507noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6085709899944286565.post-45613656455449416642016-01-13T10:05:00.002-08:002016-01-29T19:24:33.393-08:00Clinical relevance of surface EMG of the masticatory muscles. (Part 1): Resting activity, maximal and submaximal voluntary contraction, symmetry of EMG activity.<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hugger%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23457900"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Hugger S</span></a></span><sup><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Schindler%20HJ%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23457900"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Schindler HJ</span></a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kordass%20B%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23457900"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Kordass B</span></a>, <span style="color: #2f4a8b;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hugger%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23457900">Hugger A</a>: </span><o:p></o:p></span><b style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457900" title="International journal of computerized dentistry."><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Int J Comput Dent.</span></a> 2012;15(4):297-314.</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: white;">Based
on a comprehensive computerized literature search supplemented by a specific
manual search of the literature, the present review article focuses on concrete
aspects of the application of surface electromyography (EMG) for evaluation of the
masticatory muscles in general and of the masseter and anterior temporal
muscles in particular, and presents the current base of knowledge on the
clinical relevance of surface EMG in dental applications. In the first stage of
the review, publications from the year 2000 or later reporting the results of
controlled clinical trials (randomized as far as available) of patients with
craniomandibular or temporomandibular disorders (TMD) were analyzed. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: white;">Data from
the selected publications were systematically compiled and divided into subject
areas as follows: Resting activity, maximal and sub-maximal voluntary
contraction, symmetry of EMG activity, and fatigue effects; EMG activity during
mastication, factors (including pain) that affect EMG activity, and the impact
of adjusting static and dynamic occlusal relationships; Effects of occlusal
splints and other occlusal treatments. Surface electromyography is in principle
a suitable tool for neuromuscular function analysis in the field of dentistry. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: white;">If used according to the specific recommendations and in conjunction with a
thorough and conscientious clinical history and physical examination, </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><b>surface EMG measurements can
provide objective, documentable, valid, and reproducible data on the functional
condition of the masticatory muscles of an individual patient.</b></span><span style="background-color: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Conclusion
:</b> “Surface EMG measurements can provide objective, documentable, valid, and
reproducible data on the functional condition of the masticatory muscles of an
individual patient.”</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23641663" title="International journal of computerized dentistry."><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Int J Comput Dent.</span></a> 2013;16(1):37-58.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">
<span class="highlight2"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Surface
EMG</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> of the <span class="highlight2">masticatory
muscles</span> (part 2): fatigue testing, mastication analysis and influence of
different factors.<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[Article in English, German]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hugger%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23641663"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Hugger S</span></a></span><sup><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">1</span></sup><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Schindler%20HJ%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23641663"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Schindler HJ</span></a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kordass%20B%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23641663"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Kordass B</span></a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hugger%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23641663"><span style="color: #2f4a8b;">Hugger A</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
second part of this review of the literature on the <span class="highlight2">clinical</span>
significance of <span class="highlight2">surface</span> <span class="highlight2">electromyography</span>
(<span class="highlight2">EMG</span>) of the <span class="highlight2">masticatory
muscles</span> systematically examines the results of <span class="highlight2">clinical</span>
studies in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD), preferably
randomized controlled trials, investigating relevant aspects of <span class="highlight2">EMG</span> activity during prolonged chewing activity (fatigue
effects), during the mastication process, and under the influence of different
factors. Studies on the influence of factors such as gender, age, tooth status,
orofacial morphology and (acute) pain, the significance of different occlusal
relationships during static and dynamic occlusion, and the impact of changes in
static occlusion on <span class="highlight2">EMG</span> activity of the <span class="highlight2">masticatory muscles</span> were included in the review.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Clayton A. Chan, D.D.S.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17435980507660741507noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6085709899944286565.post-3260272130560134362015-04-08T20:20:00.001-07:002016-01-13T10:09:13.119-08:00Bite force in patients with functional disturbances of the masticatory system<div class="MsoPlainText" l0="" level2="" lfo1="" mso-list:="">
<b><a href="http://electromyography-abstract.blogspot.com/2015/04/helkimo-e.html">Helkimo, E., Carlsson, G.E., and Carmeli, Y.Bite force in patients with functional disturbances of the masticatory system.J. Oral Rehab. Vol. 2:397-406, 1975.</a></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span>In thirty patients treated because of
dysfunction and thirty six control subjects bite force was registered before,
during and after treatment. Repeated tests of bite force in the control group
gave identical results. Bite force in the patient group was lower than the
control group but increased with palliation of the symptoms during treatment.</div>
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Note: The finding of
significant difference between bite force in patient and control groups is
supplemental to the rationale for the EMG function test since integrated EMG
and bite force are linear.</div>
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Clayton A. Chan, D.D.S.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17435980507660741507noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6085709899944286565.post-92093625508018430202009-12-16T19:19:00.001-08:002011-06-21T16:03:19.313-07:00The effect of four jaw relations on electromyographic activity in human masticatory muscles<strong>Hickman, David, M., Cramer, Richard, Stauber, William T. (1993) <em>The effect of four jaw relations on electromyographic activity in human masticatory muscles</em>. Archs Oral Biol 38:3, pp 261-264</strong>.<br />
<br />
<strong>SUMMARY</strong><br />
<br />
Significant differences were found in the electromyographic (EMG) activation between the masseter and temporalis muscles for the leaf gauge (LG), manually manipulated (CR) and neuromuscular (NM) bite positions during maximal static clench. The LG position consistently demonstrated the lowest EMG activity, while the NM position displayed the highest degree of muscle activity. Similarly, the ratio of the masseter/temporalis EMG activity during maximal clench was lower for the LG and CR positions and highest for the NM position. These data indicate that the NM position produced the greatest total muscle recruitment, with more masseter involvement during maximal clench, and enabled the subjects to generate greater clenching forces in the NM position as compared to the LG and CR positions.Clayton A. Chan, D.D.S.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17435980507660741507noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6085709899944286565.post-85278583230125685322009-12-16T18:52:00.000-08:002011-07-08T23:39:26.862-07:00Analysis of maximal electromyographic activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles in Myocentric and Habitual Centric in Temporomandibular Joint and Musculoskeletal Dysfunction<strong>Jankelson, Robert (1990) <em>Analysis of maximal electromyographic activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles in Myocentric and Habitual Centric in Temporomandibular Joint and Musculoskeletal Dysfunction</em>. Front. Oral Physiol., Karger, Basal, Vol. 7, pp 83-97</strong><br />
<br />
<strong>SUMMARY</strong><br />
A computer review of maximal bite integrated EMG values for 46 consecutive patients referred to a clinical practice for treatment of TMJ/MSD was analyzed for data correlation. The 46 patients included 37 females and 9 males. The average ages of the patients were 42 and 46 years, respectively, for females and males. The patients all displayed 3 or more of the standardized symptoms in the Kinnie-Funt TMJ profile [23]. Only those patients with EMG/CMS profiles indicating a positive rationale for orthosis therapy were selected. This meant that the patients had either an excess of 2.0 mm of freeway space, or had an anterior/posterior discrepancy between neuromuscular and habitual trajectory of closure that precluded selective grinding of the teeth.<br />
<br />
<br />
(1) Analysis of 46 temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal dysfunction patients showed masseter EMG activity significantly lower than anterior temporalis EMG activity during maximal bite to habitual occlusion. Since the masseter muscle is the primary force muscle, while the anterior temporalis is the primary posturing muscle, this appears to be a consistent finding in temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal dysfunction patients with nonoptimal occlusion.<br />
(2) The combined integrated EMG in the symptomatic temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal dysfunction patient is significantly diminished when the patient maximally occludes in the habitual occlusion as opposed to the myocentric position. Restoration of the occlusion to a neuromuscular myocentric resulted in a 72.2% improvement in motor unit recruitment. The marked increase in motor unit recruitment and the significant reduction in the number of symptoms as reported by the patients in this study, suggests that the myocentric position is a more efficacious functional position for motor muscle recruitment than the existing habitual occlusion in the musculoskeletal dysfunction patient. <br />
(3) The study supports previous studies showing reduced EMG activity during maximal bite in temporomandibular joint and musculoskeletal dysfunction patients. Therefore, integrated EMG of maximal function appears to be a reliable, quantitative modality to identify functional disorders of the masticatory system.<br />
(4) Integrated EMG of maximal bite effort can be used as a quantitative means to monitor patient progress. There appears to be a significant correlation by the increase in maximal EMG activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis, and the reduction in the number of patient-reported symptoms.<br />
(5) Providing a neuromuscular myocentric occlusal position for the temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal dysfunction patients allowed markedly increased motor unit recruitment during maximal bite. The increase in function correspondingly resulted in concomitant reduction in the patient symptom index. <br />
(6) Treatment to the myocentric position resulted in significantly more symmetrical recruitment of masseter and anterior temporalis motor units. The temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal dysfunction patient appears to have a greater asymmetry of muscle function during maximal bite to the habitual occlusal position. Restoration of the temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal patient to a neuromuscular myocentric position resulted in significant improvement of muscle recruitment and symmetry.<br />
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To conclude, this study of 46 consecutive clinical dysfunction patients confirmed the findings of Moller, Erikkson, Sheikholeslam, Ruse, Molin, Pruim, Jarabak, Kydd, Bigland, Lous, Prayer-Galletti, and Pantaleo and others in support of maximal bite EMG analysis for diagnosis and temporomandibular joint/musculoskeletal dysfunction.<br />
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The restoration of the dysfunctional patient to a neuromuscular myocentric occlusion results in significantly increased function and synergy of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles.<br />
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